Internal-combustion engine.



`R. w. HARROUN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 25 19H..

41,191,420. Patented Ju1y18,1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

@MME R. w. HARROUN. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 25, |911- Patented July 18, 1916.

f l A0 T n WK@ j A IIII UIVIIIIU I UNITED sfrafrns entranti caries.

i RAY W. HARROUN, OF INDIANAPOLIS, NDIANA.

To all whom it may concern.:

Bep-it known tliat'L-RAY W. HARROUN, a citizen; ofthe yUnitedl States, residing at. Indianapolis, in the count-y o'Ma-rion and State of Indiana,'have invented certain new andwuseful. Improvements in *Internal-Conibuston'` Engines, of 'which thepfollowin'g is aspecificatioin` .i o

inventionlrelates to improvements in internal combustion engines, and has among a novel and advantageous internal valvev its objects the provision of=novel inea-nsrfory control of the supply, admission, and eX- haust of working fluid to and from the eneine. f s n a More particularly my invention provides construction which is simple, cheap, and eiiicient, and an association of various sources andV means of motive-fluid-supply with each other and with said internal valve structure in new and ei'ective fashion.

In the drawing, wherein l have illustrated an embodiment of my invention; Figure 1 isfa schematic view sliowingthe parts oi a' single-cylinder of an engine equipped in rac vertical cross section on a plane cordaiice with 1u y invention ghFig; 2 is a central vertical cross section of a fragment of an engine cylinder on a' plane par/allel with the plane of Fig. l; and Fig. 8 is a central at right angles to Fig. .2.

In the dra-wings, 5 indicates in general/the enginewherein Gv is the shatt,7 is.. the valve shaft geared thereto as by connections S tor 85 rotation'in one to two relation to the engine shaft,-assumingnthe structure to be artourcycle cngine,-and 9 a cylinder having a head 10 and water Jacket 11, l2 being the piston'I and 13 the clearance space within the .40 engnefcylinder betweeii the uppermost position opthe piston" andthe head. Within' the clearance space 13 at 16 and mounted on a spider 17 carried by ,a stem 18, equipped witlrysuitable packing rings. 19,exteiiding through a guide aperture inlicad 10,v andinV` boss 2O depending from-said head, the valve being held against rotation by key 21. EXtei-iorly, the stem i8 is actuated in harmony with the cylic operations of 'the engine as byfcam 7" upon the cam shaft 7, said camu?" preferably acting upoiifa roller @2in the end of the stein 1S,

maintained in contact with the cam by the tensioniotl a spring, surrounding the' stein i n Specicationiof-Letters atent.

and the eyl. inder head 10 I arrange a slide valve 151. providing an annular rim 15 suitably packed as iNTiinNAL-ooivnsiisiioiv Encina Patented July 18, 1911i.

' xpplication'led November 25, 191,1. Serial No. 662,43.

and interposed between thehead of the en-J gine and a disk Qicai'iied by the stem. The

reciprocating or sliding movement of; this valve'15 effects theopening or closing of the` ports through which the engine-driving medium is introduced and expelled. In the construction shown, 25indicates the primary t intake port for connection with a source of fuel supply and"26 indicates an exhaustport, non-aiming therewith, these two ports being thereof, alternatively, may beopened there` by. For control of these two poi-ts, the` cam" .n is provided with an arcuate power-stroke surface 7 to be referred to; an'fexhaust."de

pression 7 b sufficient to permit the rise of the y valve to open exhaust port 26 without open ing the inlet 25; an intake cam projection so located that they l both may be simultanef ously covered byA the valve 15 or either one 76 of suicient'lieight to depress the valve to Ikipen intake port without opening the eX- .fhaust port 26; and a fcompression dwell surface 7d locating the valve to close all ports. rThe intake port may be connected by pipe 25', controlled by throttle 27, with carbureter '28v receivin its 0asolene through p Supply valve 28 andpipe 29 froma gasolene tank 29. y .y

The construction thus 'l'ar described ,I loelieve to he lin itself novel and advantageous A- in many features.

In conJunction with` the valve describedd "preferably arrange for control thereby an entrance passage Afor an engine-starting medium, such as compressed air, acetylene, or an explosive mixture. In the specific construction shown I make in the head of the rnachine an intake passage BO for connection Ywith Y a sourocoif supply of the starting medium, said passage having a small bore 30 which extends to and communicates with lthe vertical slideway of the valve stem 18. In said valve stem l form a passageway of conduit f 30 and 31 be established lonly while' the pis- 1 y ton is making its working stroke, with the exhaust port closed, and to this end, I torni 'the workingf-stroke7 p'ortionfl of the ,cam "7 as a shallow recess sufli'cicntly cut away tofpermit the slight rise of the valve l 5 above the compression position, sufficient to bring conduits 30 and 3l into register.

Asa simple illustration of a suitable construction for supplying a starting. fluidsaycoinpressefl air-to the conduit 30, I illustrate a pipe 32 leading from said conduit 30 through a check valve 33 to a pressure tank 3.4:, there being a bypass 35 provided around the cheek valve 33 controlled by afmanually operable valve 36.

It is sometimes desirable to employ in an engine relatively heavy oil, which may be advantageously heated and vaporized in the course of its introduction into the cylinder,

and for meeting such requirements in an engine employing a valve as heretofore cleserbeil, I make provision as follows: indicates an oil chamber in the head of the engine having an oil inlet 4l and a port 42 leading to the slideway of valve stein 19. In 'the valve stein is made a transverse pocket or bore +3, preferably arranged in such posh tion as to register with the port 42 While `porti on 7d of the cani causes a dwell in the operation of the valve, thereby to enable the bore or pocket to iill with eil during the course of each reciproeation et the valve. At such low position in the boss 20 that bore t3 may register therewith when the valve is rlepr sed by earn portion 7, I provide a transverse passage 45 having one end eonneeted as by a piping coil 4G, and cou,- pling 117, with an air inlet"48 in the head ot the. engine. Thus the small body of oil trapped in the pocket e3 is brought clown,

at the' time ol each suction stroke of the engine, to register with the passage 45, and the rare-faetiim within the engine cylinder on the suction stroke causes air to flow through the inlet 48 and the tube 46 (thereby becoming heated) to expel the small body of oil iron the bore to the cylinder in the forni oi a heated spray or vapor.

The port l2 for the heavy eil may be suitably controlled as by a needle valve 50, having a threaded mounted in a carrier 52 threaded with a rapid thread into the eide oi" the cylinder,

and provided with handle 53 foradjust-` lnent; Where theheavy oil supply is einployeal, I prefer that the same shall beintroclucecl from a supply tank 55 into the head to be heated through the agency of.

pump 5G, geared as at 57 to the engine, so that the pump-generated pressure will vary with the speed oi the engine, said pump havi ing piping connections 68 containing a pressure age 69 to the head openingr 41. A bypass 0` from the pipe 68, back to the oil tank, may be pr vided controlled by an adjustable spring check valve 7l, so as to limit the lpressure which can be applied to the hear n i ing stroke,

portion 51 adjnstably` In the cycle of operations of the' carnz,,int` `the direction shown by the arrow in 4.'Figg;

on the power stroke passage 30-31 is opened, and ports 25 and 26 closed, on the succeeding exhausting stroke, `while cam p portion fb is in effective ositiomtheek#` i haust 9.6 1'5 opened and inta e port 25 closed; then while cam part 7 vacts ori-the intake stroke, intake port 25 'isopenedjancl port 26u13 and passage 30-31 closed; and onthe com-` time on gasolene until it is preparly"heatetg'ii` i up. To this end, the gasolene valve28 and i the throttle 27 are properly set, anclgthe.efr` 5.

gine, started `asdescribed, will run Vasoai'rg ordinary gasokme engine, the intake and` exfhaust ports being opened. in proper` succes-` sion by the valve 15 and thepassage`30-31 r, ,i

to the pressuretank being opened during each Working stroke of theuengine, s'o `that 10g the pressure in said tank is automatically brought back to normal.: ,VJhen the engt'ine` is properly heatedupsof4 that theoilcon-m tent of the heady 15 is' in proper eonditiolrl i for utilization, the gasolene1 valve .28 may 1105 be closed,` and the oil valve 50-beopened, l i.; so thatoil will be trapped Jinto theeylindero u through the medium of the pocket` 43andV i atoinized by a secondary airourrent` enten` ing` through the passage,jl6`-`-48the main 11o` air supply entering` through pipe 25. .iWhilei I have herein described insonne detail a. par

tienlarembodiment of myqinyenton, .itWill/xgf be understood that changes ,111- the construeylinder of an engine, Vhutit ivllbc ull-o` or A.more thereof? 8 i p Evenwhere heavy; oilisio to be used as the finalmedium for combue@ tion, the engine may 'well be run foraI short." it

tion and arra ngenient. thereoffm ight `be made :1 1 5 i Withoutkleparture from the spirit ofmy ini' vention and Within the` scope ofthe apl-` s pended ela i1ns,and` thatsome' of the features y i deseribed ancllainied may. be4 used sepal'ately Wit-h retention of parts ofthe adVan-12el tages heretofore described.4 i'

What I claim is:

1. In an internal combustion enginetxthe combination ofaeylinder havingin its sideg y1 1 Walls fuel inlet and exhaust ports, in diii'erflzgi ent transverse planes; la valve rim, nnperf rate and of a. depth to` span and elose hotliv ports, cooperating therewith that by move-4 i ment to three"positions itsV opposite edges inay respectively lie betweenthe planesof n ciprocatingsaid valve and stem, there being l" vexhaust portsopening to-` said clearance.y space", a valve 1n said 'clearance space coiny the ports to jopen 'said ports.respectively or'y may span both ports vrto close them si1nul`- In an internal .combustion engine, the. i combination of Aa cylinder; a piston therein arrangedl to leave a` clearance space in .the end of thevvv cylinderthere being intake and prising a head and a stemythe head coperatinguf'ith said intake and exhaust ports to,

yo pcnand close the same, and means for re in-said lvalve stem and the cooperating cylinder portions a stelnpassage and a cylinder i, port arrangedto be brought "intoregisterv while the valve head maintains its coperating ports closed.

3. In an englne, the combination of a cylinder, a pistony thereinv arranged to' leave a clearance space in the end of the cylinder, a valve lin said clearance `space comprising a head. and a stem, means `tor reciprocating said valve land stem in vappropriate timed relation to .the reciprocations of the pistons, there being inletand outlet ports to the clearance space. controlled by the valve head and there being a passage to be' opened dur- .c ing the Workingistrokeot' the engine from said clearance space to the exterior of the engine, said passage Vbeing controlled by said valve. 4. In a four-cycle engine, the combination of. a cylinder having three ports for communication with its clearance space, one said port .adapted to be associated with a source of supply of fluid under pressure, another of said ports being `adapted for association.-

- with a source of fuel supply,l and the third i said port being adapted and arranged to act as an exhaust port, a piston, a singlevali-'e htween the piston and cylinder, having its sides coperating with the Wallspof the clearance space, there bcingfin the cylinder igen 42o te structure ports `controlled by said valve, adapted to be'openedfone during'the power stroke of the'. piston to permit the introduction ot startingluids, and others during the suction and exhaust-.strokes ot' the piston to 70. permit the ingress and egress or fuel and gases, respectively, and means to reciprocate i said valve Within said clearance space in ti1ned,1'elation to the operations oi the piston to secure .the vstated openings of the ports. y f Y y l G.' In an engine, .the coi'nbinaltion of avcylinder having an exhaust port opening to its clearance space, a slide valve in said cylinder vhaving a. rinrcoperating with said port and 8 a stem extending through the cylinder head, means for reciprocatingsaid valve stern in timed relation to the cyclic operations of the. engine, there being an air passage tolthe clearance spacer and aport inthe stein arp yranged when in Vone positionto open said :air passage, and means to supply luelto said stem port when thevalve is in another position,ythereby"to trap fuel in to said air pasA sage.

7. In an engine, thecombination of av cylinder having an exhaust port opening to its clearance space, a` valve in said cylinder haw ing a rim copcrating with said port, and a stem extending 'throughthe cylinder head, 95 means for reciprocating said valve stein in timed relation to the cyclic operations of the engine, a piping coil Within the'clearance space of the cylinder having an end openingv controlled by said valve-stem, there being 190 an aperture in the stem arranged when in one position to open said end of said piping coil, and means to supply fuel to said stein aperture when thevalve is in another position. l s 105 8. In an eng-inc, the combination of a cylinder having an exhaust port opening to its clearance space, a valve in said cylinder havy ing a rim coperating with 'said port, and a stem extending through the cylinder head, 11o means for reciprocating said valve stern in tim-ed relation to the cyclic operations of the engine, there being Aan air' passage to the cleararee (space controlled by said stem and an aperture in said stem arranged when in one position to open said air passage, anda fuel reservoir lin the en @inc head with which said aperture in sait] stein communicates when the stem is in arf'lher position.

9. In an internal combustion engine, the ).20 combination of ay cylinder having inits side Wallan exhaust port, a valve rim imperiorate and of a depth sufficient to cover said port, coperating therewith; a series Aof spider arms within saidfrim,v a stem cXtcnding centrally from the spider through a' guiding orifice Ain the head of the cylinder, xt fuelsupply port commuincating with the opening through which said stem passes, `said stem containing a bore movable to-cclnmunicate with the fuel port and also out of communication with said port to carry its enti'npped i'uel, an air duct opening at one end extraneously to the cylinder and at its other end arranged foi' connnunication, through said movable bore when the lutter is in its last mentioned position, und cam means for imparting movementlto said stem in a cyclic order.

l0. In an internal combustion engine, structure providing in conjunction with a cylindrical Wall, a fuei supply'port, an air duct having adequate exposure to the engine cylinder for heating of its contents, and one end opening eti'aneously to the cylinder, a movable trapping means associated with said structure, in one position to communicate with the fuel supply port and in "another position to establish Communication from the exterior ot' the cylinder through said air passage to the cleai'uncespace, a piston and means timed with rein said cylinder, spcct to the movements of said piston for moving said movable part, arranged to effect the stated communication between said trapail' duct during the sucpiston.

ping part and the tion stroke of the 1l. In an internal combustion engine,

structure providing cylinder vWall, a fuel supply port, an air duct having one end communicating to the atmosphere, a movable trapping means associated with said structure, in one position to communicate with the fuel supply' port and in anothei position to establish communication from the atmosphere through said air pas- 'sage to the clearance space, apiston 1n said RAY W; HARROUN. In the pres-ence ot- Y* W.GUsTAvE PoLAoK,

W. M. YOUNG.

in conjunction with a' 

